Abstract

Novel polymeric membrane (PME) and coated glassy carbon (CGCE) perchlorate-selective electrodes based on a phosphorus(V)–tetraphenylporphyrin complex were prepared. The electrodes exhibited near-Nernstian responses over wide ClO₄⁻ ion concentration ranges (from 8.0×10⁻⁶ to 1.6×10⁻¹ M for PME and 1.0×10⁻⁶ to 3.0×10⁻²for CGCE) and very low detection limits (5.0×10⁻⁶ M for PME and 7.0×10⁻⁷ M for CGCE). The electrodes possess low resistances, very fast response times, relatively long lifetimes and, most importantly, good selectivities relative to a variety of other common anions. The potentiometric response of the electrodes is independent of the pH of test solution in the pH range of 4.0–10.0. The proposed sensors were used to determine perchlorate ion in water and human urine.